More than 170 Detroit Zoo-Born Dusky Gopher Frogs Head into the Wild
Consider it one small leap for amphibian-kind—more than 170 dusky gopher frogs bred at the Detroit Zoo’s National Amphibian Conservation Center were released in Mississippi as part of a cooperative program to restore a wild population of the critically endangered amphibian.
This event marks the third time Detroit Zoo-born dusky gopher frogs were returned to the species’ native habitat in the Mississippi’s Ward Bayou Wildlife Management Area. The first two releases occurred in 2018 and 2019, which gave 130 Detroit Zoo-born frogs the opportunity to make their way into the wild.
This year’s frogs were sent to Memphis, where they joined other dusky gopher frogs bred in managed care from Memphis Zoo in Memphis, Tenn., and Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium in Omaha, Neb., before being released in Mississippi. All of the released amphibians are tagged with identification to track their survival.
“DZS staff weren’t there for the frogs’ release this year due to COVID-19 precautions, but we know that our efforts here in Detroit are helping to ensure that these frogs will soon thrive in their natural habitat,” said Dr. Ruth Marcec-Greaves, director of the National Amphibian Conservation Center at the Detroit Zoo in Royal Oak, Mich.
Once abundant throughout Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, dusky gopher frogs are nearly extinct. This species is among the most endangered species in the world, according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
“With nearly half of the world’s 8,000 plus amphibian species threatened with extinction due to habitat loss, climate change, pollution, infectious diseases and other factors, bolstering the population of these amphibians in their natural environment is critical to their survival,” Marcec-Greaves said.
Dusky gopher frogs—formerly known as Mississippi gopher frogs—are medium-sized frogs that are black, brown, or gray with dark spots and ridges along their backs. Their skin is covered with bumpy glands that secrete a coating that protects their skin. When picked up, they cover their eyes with their forefeet, possibly to protect their faces until predators taste their bitter, milky skin secretions and drop them. They have loud, guttural calls that sound like snoring.
The dusky gopher frogs at the Detroit Zoo’s National Amphibian Conservation Center live in special bio-secure rooms behind the scenes and are not viewable to the public. The Zoo population is critical insurance against extinction until the species can be adequately protected in the wild and suitable locations are found for release.
When the National Amphibian Conservation Center opened at the Detroit Zoo in 2000, it was the first major facility dedicated entirely to conserving and exhibiting amphibians. The award-winning, state-of-the-art amphibian center is the largest of its kind and home to a spectacular diversity of frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and caecilians, many of which are the subjects of field research and part of cooperative management programs.
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